Katedral Santo Basil

Katedral Santo Basil. Katedral Santo Basil pertama kali dibangun pada abad ke 16 atas perintah Tsar Ivan IV (Ivan the Terrible) untuk memperingati penaklukan kerajaan Muslim Kazan Arsitekturnya tergolong tidak lazim pada bangunan Rusia di masa itu karena menggunakan gaya yang tidak dikenal dalam arsitektur Muskowy maupun Byzantium.

Construction Under Ivan IVArchitectural StyleLayoutStructureColourNamingSacral and Social RoleReplicasExternal LinksThe site of the church had been historically a busy marketplace between the St Fool&#39s (later Saviour&#39s) Gate of the Moscow Kremlin and the outlying posad The center of the marketplace was marked by the Trinity Church built of the same white stone as the Kremlin of Dmitry Donskoy (1366–68) and its cathedrals Tsar Ivan IV marked every victory of the RussoKazan War by erecting a wooden memorial church next to the walls of Trinity Church by the end of his Astrakhan campaign it was shrouded within a cluster of seven wooden churches According to the report in Nikon&#39s Chronicle in the autumn of 1554 Ivan ordered the construction of the wooden Church of Intercession on the same site “on the moat” One year later Ivan ordered the construction of a new stone cathedral on the site of Trinity Church to commemorate his campaigns Dedication of a church to a military victory was “a major innovation” for Muscovy The placement of the church outside the Kremlin walls was a political st Because the church has no analog—in the preceding contemporary or later architecture of Muscovy and Byzantine cultural tradition in general—the sources that inspired Barma and Postnik are disputed Eugène ViolletleDuc rejected European roots for the cathedral opining that its corbel arches were Byzantine and ultimately Asian A modern “Asian” hypothesis considers the cathedral a recreation of Qolşärif Mosque which was destroyed by Russian troops after the Siege of Kazan Nineteenthcentury Russian writers starting with Ivan Zabelin emphasized the influence of the vernacular wooden churches of the Russian North their motifs made their ways into masonry particularly the votive churches that did not need to house substantial congregations David Watkinalso wrote of a blend of Russian and Byzantine roots calling the cathedral “the climax” of Russian vernacular wooden architecture The church combines the staggered layered design of the earliest (1505–1508) part of the Ivan Instead of following the original ad hoc layout (seven churches around the central core) Ivan&#39s architects opted for a more symmetrical floor plan with eight side churches around the core producing “a thoroughly coherent logical plan” despite the erroneous latter “notion of a structure devoid of restraint or reason” influenced by the memory of Ivan&#39s irrational atrocities The central core and the four larger churches placed on the four major compass points are octagonal the four diagonally placed smaller churches are cuboid although their shape is hardly visible through later additionsThe larger churches stand on massive foundations while the smaller ones were each placed on a raised platform as if hovering above ground Although the side churches are arranged in perfect symmetry the cathedral as a whole is not The larger central church was deliberately offset to the west from the geometric center of the side churches to accommodate its larger apse on the eastern side As The foundations as was traditional in medieval Moscow were built of white stone while the churches themselves were built of red brick (28 by 14 by 8 cm (110 by 55 by 31 in)) then a relatively new material (the first attested brick building in Moscow the new Kremlin Wall was started in 1485) Surveys of the structure show that the basement level is perfectly aligned indicating use of professional drawing and measurement but each subsequent level becomes less and less regular Restorers who replaced parts of the brickwork in 1954–1955 discovered that the massive brick walls conceal an internal wooden frame running the entire height of the churchThis frame made of elaborately tied thin studs was erected as a lifesize spatial model of the future cathedral and was then gradually enclosed in solid masonry The builders fascinated by the flexibility of the new technology used brick as a decorative medium both inside and out leaving as much brickwork open as possible when The church acquired its presentday vivid colors in several stages from the 1680s to 1848 Russian attitude towards color in the 17th century changed in favor of bright colors iconographic and mural art experienced an explosive growth in the number of available paints dyes and their combinations The original color scheme missing these innovations was far less challenging It followed the depiction of the Heavenly City in the Book of Revelation The 25 seats from the biblical reference are alluded to in the building&#39s structure with the addition of eight small onion domes around the central tent four around the western side church and four elsewhere This arrangement survived through most of the 17th century The walls of the church mixed bare red brickwork or painted imitation of bricks with white ornaments in roughly equal proportion The domes covered with tin were uniformly gilded creating an overall bright but fairly traditional combination of white red and golden co The building originally known as “Trinity Church” was consecrated on 12 July 1561 and was subsequently elevated to the status of a sobor (similar to an ecclesiastical basilica in the Catholic Church but usually and incorrectly translated as “cathedral”) “Trinity” according to tradition refers to the easternmost sanctuary of the Holy Trinity while the central sanctuary of the church is dedicated to the Intercession of Mary Together with the westernmost sanctuary of the Entry into Jerusalem these sanctuaries form the main east–west axis (Christ Mary Holy Trinity) while other sanctuaries are dedicated to individual saints The name “Intercession Church” came into use later coexisting with Trinity Church From the end of the 16th century to the end of the 17th century the cathedral was also popularly called Jerusalem with reference to its church of Entry into Jerusalem as well as to its sacral role in religious rituals Finally the name of Vasily (Basil) the Blessed who Miraculous find On the day of its consecration the church itself became part of Orthodox thaumaturgy According to the legend its “missing” ninth church (more precisely a sanctuary) was “miraculously found” during a ceremony attended by Tsar Ivan IV Metropolitan Makariuswith the divine intervention of Saint Tikhon Piskaryov&#39s Chronist wrote in the second quarter of the 17th century Allegory of Jerusalem Construction of wraparound groundfloor arcades in the 1680s visually united the nine churches of the original cathedral into a single building Earlier the clergy and the public perceived it as nine distinct churches on a common base a generalized allegory of the Orthodox Heavenly City similar to fantastic cities of medieval miniatures At a distance separate churches towering over their base resembled the towers and churches of a distant citadel rising above the defensive wall The abst Urban hub Tradition calls the Kremlin the center of Moscow but the geometric center of the Garden Ring first established as the Skorodom defensive wall in the 1590s lies outside the Kremlin wall coincident with the cathedral Pyotr Goldenberg (1902–71) who popularized this notion in 1947 still regarded the Kremlin as the starting seed of Moscow&#39s radialconcentric system despite Alexander Chayanov&#39s earlier suggestion that the system was not strictly concentric at all In the 1960s Gennady Mokee A scale model of Saint Basil&#39s Cathedral has been built in Jalainur in Inner Mongolia near China&#39s border with Russia The building houses a science museum State Historical Museums home page Status ActiveAffiliation Year consecrated 12 July 1561Ecclesiastical or organizational status with occasional church services since 1991.

Katedral Santo Basil, Rusia Eropa Arsitektur Seni

Katedral Santo Basil Daftar isi 1 Deskripsi 2 Tata letak 3 Galeri 4 Referensi 5 Pustaka 6 Pranala luar Deskripsi Tata letak Galeri Referensi Status AktifAfiliasi agama Tahun pemberkatan 12 Juli 1561Letak.

7 Fakta Mengenai Gereja Katedral Ikonik Rusia: St. Basil yang

BERANDA / / Katedral Santo Basil Rusia Interior Elegan Eropa warisan dunia Coklat Katedral Santo Basil Rusia Artis MYukishita / EQC Ukuran Kertas Warna.

katedral santo basil in English katedral santo basil

Rusia → Museum ermitaz Rusia → Palace square Rusia → Lapangan merah Rusia → Katedral santo basil Rusia → Teater bolshoi Tatar scholars speculate as to whether some elements of Kul Sharif Mosque can be seen in Saint Basil&#39s Cathedral in Moscow (8 minarets a central cupola not typical for Russian architecture).